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Peter Zhu - Rails and the Ruby Garbage Collector: How to Speed Up Your Rails App - Rails World 2023
"Optimize your Ruby and Rails app performance by tuning the garbage collector, learning how to reduce memory usage, improve runtime performance, and fine-tune the mark-and-sweep algorithm with the autotuner gem."
- To reduce the amount of memory used by a Rails app and improve runtime performance, tuning the Ruby garbage collector can be effective.
- The garbage collector’s write barrier can add objects to the remember set, leading to increased memory usage.
- To decrease the number of major garbage collection cycles, Ruby’s garbage collector segregates objects by age and reclaims old objects more aggressively.
- Implementing the remember set can reduce the number of major garbage collection cycles and improve performance.
- Ruby’s garbage collector has a marked phase, where it determines which objects are dead, and a sweeping phase, where it reclaims resources from dead objects.
- Compaction can reduce memory fragmentation and improve performance.
- The garbage collector’s performance can impact response times, with frequent garbage collection cycles causing longer pauses.
- Tuning the garbage collector can reduce the average time spent in the garbage collector and decrease the 99th percentile response time.
- The autotuner gem can be used to gather metrics and suggest tuning options for the garbage collector.
- Ruby’s garbage collector has three main phases: marking, sweeping, and compaction.
- The generational hypothesis states that objects either live for a very long time or have a very short lifetime, allowing the garbage collector to take advantage of this.
- Ruby’s garbage collector uses a mark-and-sweep algorithm, with the mark phase determining which objects are dead and the sweep phase reclaiming resources from dead objects.
- The garbage collector’s performance can be affected by the number of objects in the remember set, the number of major garbage collection cycles, and the time spent in the garbage collector.
- Tuning the garbage collector can reduce the number of major garbage collection cycles and improve performance, but may also increase memory usage.
- The autotuner gem has shown a positive impact on performance and response times in production environments.