ICP, BTC & ETH — Chain Fusion Technology

Chain Fusion Technology integrates ICP with other blockchains like Bitcoin and Ethereum through threshold cryptography and secure cross-chain communication

The system uses Chain Key ECDSA signing, allowing smart contracts to securely interact with and sign transactions for other blockchains without exposing private keys

Integration with Bitcoin is achieved through Bitcoin adapters and threshold signing, providing a trustless way to track UTXOs and manage transactions

Ethereum integration uses both threshold signing and secure RPC calls to multiple providers, enabling smart contract interactions with EVM chains

CKBTC and CKETH are fully-backed “twin tokens” that allow low-fee transfers on ICP while maintaining 1:1 backing with native assets

The architecture scales horizontally through subnets (independent blockchains) that operate concurrently, achieving high throughput and storage capacity

Node providers must meet strict hardware requirements and operate bare metal servers (no VMs) in independent data centers across different jurisdictions

Current subnet capacity is around 750GB storage per subnet with plans to expand to 3-5TB through protocol optimizations

Major applications built using Chain Fusion include decentralized exchanges, ordinal marketplaces, cross-chain wallets, and social platforms

Future integrations will include Solana, Cardano, Algorand and other chains based on DAO votes and community needs