MRMCD2024 Schiffe erkennen leicht gemacht

Learn how AIS technology enables ship tracking & identification via VHF radio. Explore message types, transmission details & how to receive signals using SDR equipment.

Key takeaways
  • AIS (Automatic Information System) is used for ship identification and tracking to improve maritime safety and navigation
  • Vessels transmit position, course, speed, and vessel information via VHF radio channels every few minutes
  • Two dedicated VHF frequencies are used: 161.975 MHz (AIS1) and 162.025 MHz (AIS2)
  • Different types of AIS equipment exist: Class A (mandatory for large vessels), Class B (smaller vessels), base stations and navigational aids
  • Messages contain vessel details like:
    • MMSI number (unique vessel ID)
    • Ship name and type
    • GPS position with high accuracy
    • Speed and course
    • Destination and ETA
  • Time slots of 26.67ms are used for transmission to avoid collisions between messages
  • Transmission intervals vary based on vessel’s speed and status (from 2 seconds to 3 minutes)
  • Range is typically limited to line of sight (20-40 nautical miles)
  • Data is publicly available and can be received with SDR (Software Defined Radio) equipment
  • Beyond navigation, AIS data is used for vessel tracking services, maritime traffic analysis and research