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Quantum Computing and the future of cryptography - Filip W.
Explore the impact of quantum computing on cryptography, including the need for post-quantum cryptography, the role of lattice-based and code-based cryptography, and the use of quantum key distribution for secure key sharing.
- Quantum computing can break symmetric encryption and challenge asymmetric encryption, making post-quantum cryptography necessary.
- Post-quantum cryptography involves using cryptographic algorithms that are resistant to attacks by quantum computers, such as lattice-based cryptography and code-based cryptography.
- One-time path technique provides mathematically unbreakable encryption.
- Grover’s algorithm can be used to solve certain problems exponentially faster on a quantum computer.
- Quantum computers can also be used to attack elliptic curve cryptography, but it requires fewer qubits and less computational power than factoring large integers.
- Quantum key distribution can be used to securely share keys over a quantum channel.
- The NSA is working to develop post-quantum cryptography for use in government and military communications.
- Some companies, such as Google, are already starting to implement post-quantum cryptography in their products and services.
- The security of a distributed key is ensured if the private key is not shared with anyone else and is never compromised.
- Weak keys can be identified by observing the encryption process, and strong keys ensure the security of the system.
- The key size of 2048-bit RSA is no longer considered secure and should be increased to 3072-bit or higher.