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RCE-as-a-Service: Lessons Learned from 5 Years of Real-World CI/CD Pipeline Compromise
Discover how real-world CI/CD pipeline compromise can lead to significant risks and consequences, and learn essential lessons for securing pipelines through collaboration between DevOps and security teams.
- CI/CD pipeline compromise can occur through misconfigured pipelines, ignoring security best practices, and relying on trust-based authentication.
- Developers should not have direct access to production environments, and least privilege access control should be implemented.
- Secrets should be stored securely and not hardcoded or shared widely.
- Monitoring and alerting mechanisms should be enabled to detect suspicious activity.
- Network segmentation and isolation should be implemented to prevent lateral movement.
- Hacky solutions, such as modifying configuration maps, can be used to gain admin-level access.
- Developers should not be trusted implicitly, and auditing should be enabled for all production changes.
- An example of a common mistake is storing credentials in plain text or using weak secrets.
- DevOps and security teams should work together to implement secure CI/CD pipelines.
- Pipeline compromises can lead to remote code execution, allowing attackers to run malicious code.
- It’s essential to assume that developers are malicious and/or compromised, and to implement security measures accordingly.
- Examples of pipeline compromises include exploiting developer access, misconfigured dependencies, and weak credentials.
- It’s critical to emphasize that pipeline compromises are real and can have significant consequences, and that security teams should prioritize securing CI/CD pipelines.